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My Schlumbergera and Rhipsalidopsis

Please Note: Any seasons mentioned (months) refer to the southern hemisphere.


By now you are probably very confused - I can just hear you saying "I am sure they are the plants my mother calls 'Inch Plants' or 'Christmas cacti' or 'Thanksgiving cacti' or 'Holiday Cacti' or maybe 'rhipsaladopsis' or 'zygo cacti'. "Well yes they are often called any or all of these names.

I'm not really sure what the official standing is now - they change the names quite often. But I call the plants that flower in the southern hemisphere November/December Rhipsaladopsis and they have smallish starlike flowers.

The following three photos are of plants that I have that are not named - I have grown them from pieces I have been given from friends or plants bought at the supermarkets that I liked the colour of.




















The others, that flower round Easter in the southern hemisphere i.e. March/April are Schlumbergera. These have longer flowers that almost look like one flower pushed up inside another (or a truncated flower).

These flowers have adapted their shape for hummingbird pollination (unfortunately we do not have these delightful little birds in New Zealand).

They also have clawlike points on the sections of leaf (if you can call it a leaf).

The plants that we buy these days from the nurseries and garden shops are all hybrids but in nature after the flowers are pollinated berries form that take 13 months to ripen. These berries do not split open on their own but rely on the wildbirds to eat them and distribute the seed in their droppings. The seeds do not appear to be affected by digestion.


Alice



Athena - June 2003



Ballerina - June 2003



Ben flowered in May 2003




Bridgeport flowered in April 2002 -


Britta - June 2000


Butterfly Sunset



Carmen - June 2003



Christmas Fantasy flowered in June 2003.


Coral Cascade from Yvonne



Duchess flowered in May 2003 -


Glorious flowered in June 2003 -


Janelle flowered in May 2003 -


Line


Lois


Millenium Fantasy


Millenium Fantasy - June 2003


Naomi


Nille


Olga flowered in June 2003 -


Pasadena flowered in May 2003


Purple King flowered in June 2003 -


Ritt flowered in June 2003 -






Santa Cruz


Savannah


Unnamed large hanging plant


Xmas Charm - 2003



Here is a closeup of the flower.




This Madame Butterfly flowered in April 2000


This one flowered in May 2000

This one flowered in May 2000

This unnamed red flowered in May 2003




White Fantasy flowered in May 2003 -


This one flowered in May 2000



Other named plants of this type that I have are. -



Care and Cultivation - thanks to Epiflora

The "true" Christmas Cactus is an interspecific hybrid of Schlumbergera truncata and Schlumbergera russelliana that originated about 150 years ago in England. Plants have segments with rounded margins, ribbed ovaries, and purplish-brown anthers. The correct Latin name for christmas Cactus is Schlumbergera x buckleyi; the :"x" indicates that it is an interspecific hybrid. Most commercial cultivars of holiday cactus are actually Schlumbergera truncata, commonly known as Thanksgiving Cactus or Zygocactus.

Thanksgiving Cactus has segments with conspicuous teeth on the margins, rounded ovaries with no ribs, and yellow anthers. Under natural photoperiods, Thanksgiving Cactus flowers about 4 to 6 weeks earlier than Christmas Cactus. Some cultivars of holiday cactus are derived from crossing Christmas Cactus and Thanksgiving Cactus, and have characteristics that are intermediate between the parents. (OK - are you as confused as me)

It is a native plant of Brazil. In their natural habitat these plants grow on trees in cracks and crevices, and therefore make very good hanging baskets.

Propagation: is by rooting mature single-segment cuttings. Cuttings should be removed from the plants by twisting the segments 180 deg. and pulling upwards. Collect cuttings in clean pathogen-free containers. They can be surface-disinfected by a five-minute dip in diluted bleach followed by a thorough rinsing in tap water. They can be stored up to three months at 10 - 15 deg. C and 90 - 95% humidity. Cuttings are best propagated between June and September(or after flowering has finished).

Growing medium: use one that is high in organic matter, well drained, and adjusted to a pH of 5.7 - 6.5. Use soil sterilised rooting material with the odd burst of fungicide.




Flowering: this is controlled by photoperiod (light) and temperature. In natural conditions this is initiated in March when the day length shortens i.e. it is the longer nights that trigger flowering, not the shorter days, and temperatures are around 10 - 15 deg.C.

If you have white or yellow flowering plants these need to be kept in an even warm temperature, If they become too cold the flowers will turn pink.


This is a shot of 'Gold Fantasy' which flowered in May 2001



Watering: Frequency depends on environmental conditions, type of growing medium and plant establishment. Well established plants may need to be irrigated every 2-3 days in summy warm weather or 5-8 days in cool, cloudy weather. In general they will tolerate under watering better than over watering.






Fertilising (Feeding): They have a relatively low nutritional requirement - use a very dilute fertiliser. One with Potassium and Calcium will harden up the segments and stops bud drop. (Bud drop may also occur if a plant has been moved into a different growing condition e.g. from outside to inside.)

Diseases and Pests: In New Zealand these plants tend to have very few diseases.

Root mealybugs can harm the plants. They are small insects that infest the roots. It is the larvae that feed on the roots, not the adults. Usually when I am repotting I put about a teaspoon of "Lawnguard" (diazanon prills) in the bottom inch of potting mix - well away from the roots. Any plants that are not repotted in a 2-3 year period would get a teaspoon of Lawnguard sprinkled on the top of the potting mix to be watered in.
They can be drenched with a pesticide such as Orthene although prevention is the best method of control - discarding infested plants.

During the summer, when plants are outside care must be taken to ensure slugs and snails do not eat the plants.Regularly place slug bait near the plants - but remember small domestic animals can get very sick if they eat this.






I also have Schlumbergera opuntioides which has the same sort of flowers as the zygos but the green part is long and has prickles.




and Rhipsalis platycarpus



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