Fukiran Glossary

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1	Fukiran Glossary			Last Edit: Oct 8, 2018 • https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1aBZG4t2d8eUl77IesnKvQZ9a42xx8EvejeQkgZyLRC0
2	Japanese	Romaji	Korean Term	Definition	Example Photos

3	General Terminology
4	富貴蘭	Fūkiran	부귀란 Bugwiran	[Lit. Valuable and honorable orchid] 1. Strictly: a Neofinetia falcata of a cultivar that has been formally registered by the Japan Fukiran Association. 2. Loosely: a Neofinetia falcata, of any cultivar regardless of registration, that has been selected and cultivated for specific characteristics different from the wild type form.
5	風蘭フウラン	Fūran	풍란 Pungnan	[Lit. Wind orchid] 1. A standard wild form Neofinetia falcata. 2. Any Neofinetia falcata (Vanda falcata) and its hybrids.
6	奄美風蘭奄美フウラン	Amami-fūran	엄미풍란 Eommi Pungnan 아마미풍란 Amami Pungnan	[Lit. Wind orchid from Amami] A wild form regional variant of Neofinetia falcata originating from the Amami Islands. Typically larger in overall form with certain particular characteristics.	n/a	n/a
7	奄美系	Amami-kei	엄미계 Eommi-Gye 아마미계 Amami-Gye	[Lit. Amami lineage] A plant or cultivar genealogically descended from a plant sourced from the Amami Islands.	n/a	n/a
8	品種	Hinshu	품종 Pumjong	[Lit. Breed, cultivar] A cultivar, regardless of registration, most similar to the definiton of cultivar as given by the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants. Unlike conventions followed by the western orchid associations, a cultivar is not necessarily limited to genetically identical individuals. Often simply translated as "variety"	n/a	n/a
9	交配	Kōhai	교배 Gyobae	[Lit. Hybrid] Hybrid. In the sense of Neofinetia cultivation, a plant or cultivar that has any percentage of non-Neofinetia genes created through hybridization even if backcrossed back to Neofinetia. Notably these are not eligible for registration by either of the Neofinetia Associations of Japan or Korea.	n/a	n/a
10	割子	Wariko		[Lit. Divided child] A division.	n/a	n/a
11	オリジナル	Original	오리지날 Original	[Loan word from English: Original] A specimen of a given variety that can be traced to the originating type specimen strictly through propagation by division, as opposed to an individual propagted by seed.	n/a	n/a
12	芽変わり	Megawari	싹변화 Ssakbyeonhwa	[Lit. Sprout change] A mutation of a vegetative offshoot. A sport.
13	凝る	Koru	-	[Lit. To stiffen, to be absorbed in] To grow a stunted or excessively short leaf. This is a highly undesirable condition that can be caused by cultural conditions and notably as a side-effect of the use of certain triazole fungicides such as tebuconazole.
14	Colors
15	泥	Doro	니 Ni	[Lit. Mud] Refers to the muddy color of specific vegetative parts that express both anthocyanin pigmentation and chlorophyll. Typically refers to the stem area or the active root tips rather than that of the leaves themselves.	n/a	n/a
16	青	Ao Sei	청 Cheong	[Lit. Green/Blue] 1. When referring to vegetative parts, the color green, especially pure green without any anthocyanin pigment. 2. When refering to flowers, the color blue. 3. When used as a suffix to the name of a normally variegated cultivar, the specimen is a division that lacks variegation. e.g. Higuma no Ao, 羆の青	n/a	n/a
17	緑	Midori Ryoku	녹 Nok 록 Rok	[Lit. Green] Green. When referring to green colored flowers, this is preferred over Ao 青	n/a	n/a
18	紺	Kon	감 Gam	[Lit. Deep blue] 1. The greenness of the leaf or the green sectors. When pale, it is described as Konji-ga-yowai 紺地が弱い, when particularly dark, Konji-ga-tsuyoi 紺地が強い. 2. The darker green sectors of green on green variegation where it is called Konjima 紺縞 or Kon-fukurin 紺覆輪. cf. Ao 青	n/a	n/a
19	紅	Beni Kō	홍 Hong	[Lit. Crimson] Red. Often used to refer to anthocyanin pigmentation regardless of the actual visible color.	n/a	n/a
20	赤	Aka	적 Jeok	[Lit. Red] Red	n/a	n/a
21	Vegetative Parts
22	葉	Ha –ba	엽 Yeop 잎 Ip	[Lit. Leaf] The leaves
23	天葉	Tenba	천엽 Cheonyeop	[Lit. Heaven leaf] The upper most, usually partially emerged leaf.
24	本葉	Honba	본엽 Bonyeop	[Lit. True leaf] A mature leaf
25	下葉	Shitaba	하엽 Hayeop 아랫잎 Arennip	[Lit. Lower leaf] The lowest or the group of lowest leaves on a growth.
26	稚葉	Chiba	치엽 Chiyeop	[Lit. Youth leaf] The lowermost short leaves formed on a growth during its early development. These will eventually fall off.
27	付け	Tsuke	붙음매 Buchinmae	[Lit. Attachment] The abscission line between the leaf and its sheath where the leaf abscises during senescence. The shape of this line is a defining characteristic in many cultivars. Shapes include, Tsukigata 月形, Namigata 波型, Yamagata 山形, Ichimonjigata 一文字型, as well as the lack of a tsuke called Tsukenashi 付け無し. The term is sometimes found incorrectly used to refer to the Jiku
28	軸	Jiku	축 Chuk	[Lit. axis, stem, shaft] The central stem of each growth, usually encased by the leaf sheaths, but in most cases refers to the entire stem area including the sheaths. Often translated inaccurately as "axis" or confused with tsuke.
29	親木	Oyagi	친목 Chinmok	[Lit. Parent tree] 1. The larger growth that offshoots are attached to. Typically the largest central growth in a small clump. 2. The mother of a division
30	子	Ko	자 Ja 아이 A'i	[Lit. Child] A younger growth, especially when still attached to another growth
31	当たり	Atari	싹 Ssak	[Lit. A hit, a strike] Short for Me-atari 芽当たり A shoot or a bud on the stem. Usually referring to shoots that will become new growths rather than inflorescences. Due to uncertainty of which a given shoot may develop into, sometimes used to describe any sprout that is too small to differentiate.
32	根	Ne	근 Geun 뿌리 Ppuri	[Lit. Root] The roots. When speaking of the color of the roots, only the active tips.
33	根先	Nesaki	뿌리끝 Ppurikkeut	[Lit. Root tip] The tip of a root, usually referring to the active growing tip.
34	Floral Parts
35	花	Hana –bana	화 Hwa 꽃 Kkot	[Lit. Flower] The flowers
36	花弁	Kaben	화판 Hwapan 꽃잎 Kkonnip	[Lit. Flower petal] 1. The petals making up the inner whorl of the flower, excluding the labium 2. Informally, both the petals and sepals. The tepals.
37	萼片	Gakuhen	악편 Akpyeon	[Lit. Sepal] The sepals making up the outer whorl of the flower.
38	唇弁	Shinben	순판 Sunpan	[Lit. Lip petal] The labium of a flower. Informally known as the Shita 舌
39	距	Kyo	거 Geo	The tubular nectary or spur of a flower.
40	花茎	Kakei	화경 Hwagyeong 꽃대 Kkotdae	[Lit. Flower Stalk] The peduncle, also referred to as Hanajiku 花軸
41	蕾	Tsubomi	꽃봉오리 Kkotbongori	[Lit. Bud] Developing or unopened flower buds
42	Potting
43	水苔	Mizugoke	수태 Sutae	[Lit. Water Moss] 1. Sphagnum moss, the most common potting medium for Neofinetia 2. The moss mound. Often abbreviated to simply Koke, 苔 The use of the term Kokedama 苔玉 to refer to the method or the mound is incorrect.
44	苔台	Kokedai	-	[Lit. Moss pedestal] 1. A premade, hollow core of spagnum moss used to facilitate repotting. 2. The finished moss mound. This usage is uncommon in Japan. Usually simply called Koke 苔, moss. The use of the term Kokedama 苔玉 to refer to the potting method or the mound is incorrect.
45	苔玉	Kokedama	-	[Lit. Moss ball] A spherical ball of usually live moss, which may have a core of soil or another medium. This ball is often planted with another plant in addition to the moss. Neofinetia are not typically grown on a kokedama, and the term is included here to correct the misuse of the term to refer to the traditional potted moss mound used for Neofinetia.
46	鉢	Hachi –bachi	분 Bun 난분 Nanbun 화분 Hwabun	[Lit. Pot] The pot used to contain the plant and growing medium. The traditional design of a Neofinetia pot features a prominent rim, a rounded bowl and usually three feet, but in more recent times, tall, trumpet shaped pots have been becoming popular in use. Highly decorated pots are often expensive and are used primarily for display and judging, while general cultivation is done in plastic or unglazed pots.
47	素焼き鉢	Suyakibachi	토분 Tobun	[Lit. Plain fired Pot] Bisque or unglazed pots. Refers to the unglazed earthenware pots used for day to day cultivation of Neofinetia, prized for their porosity.
48	楽鉢	Rakubachi	라쿠분 Rakubun	[Lit. Raku Pot] In reference to the cultivation of Neofinetia, porous earthenware pots with black glaze or decorative enamelwork made using raku techniques.
49	錦鉢	Nishikibachi	-	[Lit. Brocade Pot] A rakubachi with decorative enamelwork
50	透かし鉢	Sukashibachi	투각분 Tugakbun	[Lit. Openwork Bowl] An openwork pot
51	火屋	Hoya	-	[Lit. Incense burner lid] In regards to the cultivation of Neofinetia, a netted metal wire cover originally used to prevent small animals from damaging a plant. Nowadays used purely as a decorative embellishment during display
52	Characteristics
53	芸	Gei	예 Ye	[Lit. Art, craft] A prominent characteristic that defines a cultivar. This can include variegation, leaf shape, flower form, etc.	n/a	n/a
54	本芸	Hongei	본예 Bonye	[Lit. Original craft] The true characteristics of a cultivar. Some specimens of a cultivar may not show all of the characteristics defined by the cultivar. Those that do are said to posess Hongei, the true characteristics.	n/a	n/a
55	本芸品	Hongeihin	본예품 Bonyepum	[Lit. Original craft article] A plant or specimen that shows hongei, true characteristics.	n/a	n/a
56	上芸	Jōgei	상예 Sangye	[Lit. High craft] Used to describe a specimen that shows its characteristics with exceptional quality	n/a	n/a
57	無地葉	Mujiba	무지엽 Mujiyeop	[Lit. Unfigured leaf] The lack of variegation. Usually used to refer to cultivars that are grown for vegetative forms.
58	斑入り	Fuiri	반입 Banip	[Lit. Mottling, variegation] Variegated
59	葉変わり	Hagawari	엽변이 Yeopbyeoni	[Lit. Leaf mutation] A mutation of the shape or form of the leaves.
60	花物	Hanamono	화물 Hwamul	[Lit. Flower thing] A cultivar or cultivars grown primarily for floral characteristics.
61	花変わり	Hanagawari	화변이 Hwabyeoni	[Lit. Flower mutation] A cultivar or cultivars grown for mutated flowers.
62	Stem Characteristics
63	泥軸	Dorojiku	니축 Nichuk	[Lit. Mud stem] When the leaf sheaths covering the central stem show some anthocyanin pigmentation or dark spotting.
64	青軸	Aojiku	청축 Cheongchuk	[Lit. Green stem] When the leaf sheaths covering the central stem are clear of any anthocyanin pigmentation. Usually this is paired with green roots, but not always. cf. Dorojiku 泥軸
65	紅軸	Benijiku	홍축 Hongchuk	[Lit. Red stem] A subset of dorojiku where the anthocyanin pigmentations in the stem are strong enough, and the chlorophyll pigmentation is weak enough to make the base of the stem appear red.
66	月形	Tsukigata	월형 Wolhyeong	[Lit. Moon shape] Crescent shape. Referring to the shape of the tsuke on a typical Neofinetia.
67	波型	Namigata	파형 Pahyeong	[Lit. Wave shape] Waveform. Referring to a tsuke shape.
68	一文字型	Ichimonjigata	일자형 Iljahyeong	[Lit. Straight line shape] Straight line shaped. Referring to a tsuke shape.
69	山形	Yamagata	산형 Sanhyeong	[Lit. Mountain shape] Mountain or chevron shaped. Referring to a tsuke shape.
70	付け無し	Tsukenashi	-	[Lit. Without attachment] A characteristic where the tsuke is altogether missing from the leaf. Dead leaves on plants with this characteristic do not fall off naturally and must be manually cut away.
71	Root Colors
72	泥根	Dorone	니근 Nigeun	[Lit. Mud root] When the active root tips have a combination of green and anthocyanin pigmentation resulting in a muddy coloration. This can range from reddish to greenish.
73	青根	Aone	청근 Cheonggeun	[Lit. Green root] When the active root tips are green with no anthocyanin pigmentation.
74	ルビー根	Rubīne	루비근 Rubigeun	[Lit. Ruby root] When the active root tips lack green and yellow pigmentation and have strong anthocyanin pigmentation resulting in a deep pink or purplish pink color.
75	赤根	Akane	적근 Jeokgeun	[Lit. Red root] When the active root tip lacks green pigmentation but has strong yellow and anthocyanin pigmentation resulting in a cherry red, crimson or vermillion colored root. Not to be confused with a true ruby root.
76	黄根	Kine	황근 Hwanggeun	[Lit. Yellow root] When the active root tip lacks strong green pigmentation with noticeably yellow pigmentation for a clear yellow color.
77	白根	Shirone	백근 Baekgeun	[Lit. White root] When the active root tips lack any pigmentation resulting in a pure to creamy white color. Typically this refers to root tips that grow this way even when exposed to light.
78	Leaf Shapes
79	並葉	Namiba	보통엽 Botongyeop	[Lit. Ordinary leaf] Used to describe stature of the leaf on a wild type Neofinetia.
80	姫葉	Himeba	희엽 Huiyeop	[Lit. Princess leaf] A leaf form characterized by a graceful loose arc-like curvature when seen from the side of the plant.
81	湾曲葉	Wankyokuba	만곡엽 Mangokyeop	[Lit. Curved leaf] A leaf form characterized by strong nearly semicircular arc.
82	立葉	Tachiba	잎엽 Ipyeop	[Lit. Standing leaf] An overall growth habit where the leaves are closer to vertical in posture.
83	直刀葉	Chokutōba	직도엽 Jikdoyeop	[Lit. Straight Sword Leaf] A leaf form characterized by a predominant lack of curvature over the length of the leaf beyond the tsuke.	coming soon	coming soon
84	剣葉	Kenba	검엽 Geomyeop	[Lit. Sword leaf] A leaf form characterized by a continuous curvature in the opposite direction from usual. Leaves of his form are likened to the shape of a Japanese sword when viewed from the side.
85	力葉	Rikiba	력엽 Ryeokyeop	[Lit. Strong leaf] A leaf form characterized by a sudden downward angle. Sometimes described as having the shape of the Japanese character へ
86	露受け葉	Tsuyuukeba	노수엽 Nosuyeop	[Lit. Dew collector leaf] A leaf shape where the tip of the leaf is recurved upwards.
87	広葉	Hiroba	광엽 Gwangyeop	[Lit. Wide leaf] Especially wide leaves
88	細葉	Hosoba	세엽 Saeyeop	[Lit. Thin leaf] Especially narrow leaves
89	丸止め	Marudome	-	[Lit. Round stop] A leaf form where the tip is relatively rounded in outline as opposed to tapering to a sharp point.
90	木の葉型	Konohagata	목엽형 Mokyeophyeong	[Lit. Tree leaf shape] A (near) lanceolate leaf form.
91	豆葉	Mameba	두엽 Duyeop	[Lit. Bean or dwarf leaf] Dwarf. Mameba cultivars have short, often wide leaves. This term does not necessarily apply to cultivars that are simply small, but rather those that have stout leaves.
92	針葉	Hariba	침엽 Chimyeop	[Lit. Needle leaf] A leaf form characteristed by a narrow width and sharp tip. Some growers incorrectly use the term "pine leaf" or "pine needle" to describe these cultivars.
93	狂い葉	Kuruiba	광엽 Gwangyeop	[Lit. Twisted Leaf] A leaf characteristic where the leaves develop twisted. This characteristic is also referred to as Shishiba 獅子葉. A leaf twisted due to disease, withering or an obstacle during growth is not described in this way.
94	獅子葉	Shishiba	사자엽 Sajayeop	[Lit. Lion leaf] A leaf characteristic where the leaves and growths develop twisted. This characteristic is also referred to as Kuruiba 狂い葉. A leaf twisted due to disease, withering or an obstacle during growth is not described in this way.
95	鈴虫剣	Suzumushiken	영추검 Yeochugeom	[Lit. Bell cricket ovipositor] A leaf shape where the tip of the leaf is pinched in a way likened to a bell cricket's ovipositor.
96	熨斗葉	Noshiba	울두엽 Ulduyeop	[Lit. Noshi Leaf] Noshi is a traditional gift decoration A characteristic where the leaf is pinched and fused in spots.
97	甲龍甲竜	Kōryū	갑룡 Gamnyong	[Lit. Armored dragon] A leaf characteristic where the top or bottom surface of the leaf has prominent longitudinal pleats.
98	ガシ雅糸	Gashi	가시 Gashi	[Lit. Elegant thread] A leaf characteristic where portions of the leaf are covered with many fine, closely spaced, raised striations
99	コンペ	Konpe	콘페 Konpe	[Abbr. Konpeito 金平糖, a type of candy] A leaf characteristic where the surface of the leaf shows protuberances said to be reminiscent of the bumps on konpeito candy.
100	樋葉	Toiba	통엽 Tongyeop	(Lit. Trough Leaf) A leaf characteristic where the leaf does not unfold very far in maturity, and the cross section remains deeply v-shaped.	coming soon	coming soon